Why is Time Management Important?

Introduction
"Remember that time is money"
- Benjamin Franklin 1748, Advice to a Young Tradesman
• Time must be explicitly managed, just like money
• Much of this won't make sense until later (too late?): that's why the handouts...
• Faculty vs. Grad Students
• Lightning pace, heavy on techniques
One Good Thief is Worth Ten Good Scholars
Time Management for Teachers
Cathy Collins
Parker Publishing Company, 1987
CareerTrack Seminar:
Taking Control of Your Work Day 1990
(303) 447-2300
Outline
• Why is Time Management Important?
• Goals, Priorities, and Planning
• TO DO Lists
• The Office: desks, paperwork, telephones
• Scheduling Yourself
• Delegation
• Meetings
• Technology
• General Advice
Why Time Management is Important
• "The Time Famine"
• Bad time management = stress
• This is life advice, not job advice
Scholars are Really in Trouble
• Academia has not kept up. Teachers: only white collar worker without telephones
"Never before have we had so little time in which to do so much"
-- Fireside Chat, February 23, 1942 Franklin Delano Roosevelt
The Problem is Severe
• By some estimates, people waste about 2 hours per day. Signs of time wasting:
o Messy desk and cluttered (or no) files
o can't find things
o miss appointments, need to reschedule them
o late and/or unprepared for meetings
o volunteer to do things other people should do
o tired/unable to concentrate
Hear me now...Believe me Later...
• Being successful doesn't make you manage your time well.
• Managing your time well makes you successful.
Goals/Priorities/Planning
• Drucker's Dictum: Doing things right is not as important as doing the right things.
• Benefit/Cost analysis
• Lou Holtz: list of 100 things before I die
Questions to Always Ask
• why am I doing this?
• what is the goal?
• why will I succeed?
• what happens if I chose not to do it?
The 80/20 Rule
• critical few and the trivial many
• Having the courage of your convictions
• Good judgement comes from experience
• Experience comes from bad judgement
Inspiration
"If you can dream it, you can do it"
-- Walt Disney
• Disneyland was built in 366 days.
Planning is Important
• Failing to plan is planning to fail.
• Plan Each Day
• Plan Each Week
• Plan Each Semester
Separate Planning from Action
• Update your plans
• Pause to think, but remember:
"Sometimes I sits and thinks and sometimes I just sits"
• Musing is not planning
TO DO Lists
• break things down into small steps
• like a child cleaning his/her room
• do the ugliest thing first
The four-quadrant TO DO List
(From: The Seven Habits Of Highly Effective People: Restoring the Character Ethic, by Stephen R. Covey, Simon and Schuster, 1989.)
On My Desk
• An OUT BOX
• Box of Tissues
• Wall Calendar for year
• Work order form (see example)
• Envelopes
• Post-it Notes
• Thank you cards
Paperwork
• Clutter is death; it leads to thrashing. Keep desk clear: focus on 1 thing at a time
• a good file system is essential
• touch each piece of paper once
• correspondence: answer on the letter itself
Reading Pile
• only read something if you'll be fired for not reading it
• note that this refers to periodicals and routine reading, which is different than a research dig
Telephone
• Keep calls short; stand during call
• Start by announcing goals for the call
• Don't put your feet up
• Have something in view that you're waiting to get to next.
• When done, get off: "I have students waiting"
• If necessary, hang up while you're talking
• group outgoing calls: just before lunch & 5pm
Vacations
• your message-taker should give two options
• if this can't wait, contact John Smith at 555-1212
• otherwise, please call back June 1
Office Logistics
• Make your office comfortable for you, and optionally comfortable for others
• No soft comfortable chairs! I have folding chairs, some people cut off front legs
• People respond to physical objects
• signs vs. window shades
Scheduling Yourself
• You don't find time for important things, you make it.
• Everything you do is an opportunity cost
• Learn to say No
Learn to Say No
• Will this help me get tenure?
• Will this help me get my masters?
• Will this help me get my Ph.D.?
• keep "help me" broadly defined
Gentle Nos
• "I'll do it if nobody else steps forward;" "I'll be your deep fall back," but you have to keep searching
• Moving parties in grad school; "Honey, the washer & dryer..."
Everyone has Good and Bad Times
• Find your creative/thinking time. Defend it ruthlessly, spend it alone, maybe at home.
• Find your dead time. Schedule meetings, phone calls, and mundane stuff during it.
Interruptions
• 6-9 minutes, 4-5 minute recovery --- five interruptions shoots an hour
• you must reduce frequency and length of interruptions
• blurting: save-ups
Cutting Things Short
• "I'm in the middle of something now..."
• start with "I only have 5 minutes" --- you can always extend this
• stand up, scroll to door, complement, thank, shake
• Clock-watching; on wall behind them
Time Journals
• it's amazing what you learn!
• monitor yourself in 15 minute increments for between 3 days and two weeks.
• update every 1/2 hour: not at end of day
Using Time Journal Data
• What am I doing that doesn't really need to be done?
• What am I doing that could be done by someone else?
• What am I doing that could be done more efficiently?
• What do I do that wastes others' time?
Procrastination
"Procrastination is the thief of time"
-- Edward Young, Night Thoughts, 1742
Balancing Act
"Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion"
-- Parkinson's Law, Cyril Parkinson, 1957
Avoiding Procrastination
• doing things at the last minute is much more expensive than just before the last minute
• deadlines are really important: establish them yourself!
Comfort Zones
• Identify why you aren't enthusiastic
• Fear of embarrassment
• Fear of failure?
• Get a spine!
Delegation
• No one is an island
• You can accomplish a lot more with help
• Mostly Faculty to grad student; listen to this advice from your perspective
Delegation is not Dumping
• require responsibility, accountability
• grant authority
• treat your people well
• I vacuum the lab myself
• grad students & secretaries are your lifeline
Challenge People
• People rise to the challenge: You should delegate "until they complain"
• Communication Must Be Clear: "Get it in writing" --- Judge Wapner
• Give objectives, not procedures.
• Tell the relative importance of this task
Sociology
• beware upward delegation!
• reinforce behavior you want repeated
• Ignorance is your friend --- I do not know how to run the photocopier or the fax machine
Meetings
• average executive: > 40% of time
• lock the door, unplug the phone
• maximum of 1 hour
• prepare: there must be an agenda
• 1 minute minutes: who is responsible for what by when?
Technology
• "Computers are faster, but they take longer" --- janitor, UCF
• If it's not spell checked, stop reading it!
• Secretaries are better than answering machines; where are the costs & benefits of a technology? (transcription)
• Electronic mail
• VIRGO & LEO: I haven't been in the library in 3 years
• Speed dialing speaker phone: hands are free to do something else --- "You're on one of those things"... "Yes I am"
General Advice
• kill your television (how badly do you want tenure or your degree?)
• turn money into time --- especially important for people with kids or other family commitments
Care and Feeding of Advisors
• get a day timer (pocket calendar)
• write things down
• when's our next meeting?
• what do you/I need to have done by then?
• who to turn to for help?
More General Advice
• never break a promise, but re-negotiate them if need be
• if you haven't got time to do it right, you don't have time to do it wrong
• recognize that most things are pass/fail
• feedback loops: ask in confidence
The Seven Habits
From: The Seven Habits Of Highly Effective People: Restoring the Character Ethic, by Stephen R. Covey, Simon and Schuster, 1989.
1. BE PROACTIVE. Between stimulus and response in human beings lies the power to choose. Productivity, then, means that we are solely responsible for what happens in our lives. No fair blaming anyone or anything else.
2. BEGIN WITH THE END IN MIND. Imagine your funeral and listen to what you would like the eulogists to say about you. This should reveal exactly what matters most to you in your life. Use this frame of reference to make all your day-to-day decisions so that you are working toward your most meaningful life goals.
3. PUT FIRST THINGS FIRST. To manage our lives effectively, we must keep our mission in mind, understand what's important as well as urgent, and maintain a balance between what we produce each day and our ability to produce in the future. Think of the former as putting out fires and the latter as personal development.
4. THINK WIN/WIN. Agreements or solutions among people can be mutually beneficial if all parties cooperate and begin with a belief in the "third alternative": a better way that hasn't been thought of yet.
5. SEEK FIRST TO BE UNDERSTANDING, THEN TO BE UNDERSTOOD. Most people don't listen. Not really. They listen long enough to devise a solution to the speaker's problem or a rejoinder to what's being said. Then they dive into the conversation. You'll be more effective in your relationships with people if you sincerely try to understand them fully before you try to make them understand your point of view.
6. SYNERGIZE. Just what it sounds like. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In practice, this means you must use "creative cooperation" in social interactions. Value differences because it is often the clash between them that leads to creative solutions.
7. SHARPEN THE SAW. This is the habit of self-renewal, which has four elements. The first is mental, which includes reading, visualizing, planning and writing. The second is spiritual, which means value clarification and commitment, study and meditation. Third is social/emotional, which includes service, empathy, synergy and intrinsic security. Finally, the physical element includes exercise, nutrition and stress management.

Time Management Tips

1. Personal Time Survey
2. Study Hour Formular
3. Daily Schedules
4. Don't be a Perfectionist
5. Learn to Say NO
6. Learn to Prioritize
7. Combine Several Activities
8. Conclusion

1. A Personal Time Survey

To begin managing your time you first need a clearer idea of how you now use your time. The Personal Time Survey will help you to estimate how much time you currently spend in typical activities. To get a more accurate estimate, you might keep track of how you spend your time for a week. This will help you get a better idea of how much time you need to prepare for each subject. It will also help you identify your time wasters. But for now complete the Personal Time Survey to get an estimate. The following survey shows the amount of time you spend on various activities. When taking the survey, estimate the amount of time spent on each item. Once you have this amount, multiply it by seven. This will give you the total time spent on the activity in one week. After each item's weekly time has been calculated, add all these times for the grand total. Subtract this from 168, the total possible hours per week. Here We Go:

1. Number of hours of sleep each night

________ X 7 = _______
2. Number of grooming hours per day

________ X 7 = _______
3. Number of hours for meals/snacks per day - include preparation time

________ X 7 = _______
4a. Total travel time weekdays

________ X 5= _______
4b. Total travel time weekends

_______
5. Number of hours per week for regularly scheduled functions (clubs, church, get-togethers, etc.)

_______
6. Number of hours per day for chores, errands, extra grooming, etc.

_______ X 7 = _______
7. Number of hours of work per week

_______
8. Number of hours in class per week

_______
9. Number of average hours per week socializing, dates, etc. Be honest!

_______
Now add up the totals:

_______
Subtract the above number from 168

168 - _______ = _______

The remaining hours are the hours you have allowed yourself to study.

2. Study Hour Formula

To determine how many hours you need to study each week to get A's, use the following rule of thumb. Study two hours per hour in class for an easy class, three hours per hour in class for an average class, and four hours per hour in class for a difficult class. For example, basket weaving 101 is a relatively easy 3 hour course. Usually, a person would not do more than 6 hours of work outside of class per week. Advanced calculus is usually considered a difficult course, so it might be best to study the proposed 12 hours a week. If more hours are needed, take away some hours from easier courses, i.e., basket weaving. Figure out the time that you need to study by using the above formula for each of your classes.

Easy class credit hours

________ x 2 = _______
Average class credit hours

________ x 3 = _______
Difficult class credit hours

________ x 4 = _______
Total

_______


Compare this number to your time left from the survey. Now is the time when many students might find themselves a bit stressed. Just a note to ease your anxieties. It is not only the quantity of study time but also it's quality. This formula is a general guideline. Try it for a week, and make adjustments as needed.

3. Daily Schedules

There are a variety of time schedules that can fit your personality. These include engagement books, a piece of poster board tacked to a wall, or 3 x 5 cards. Once you decide upon the style, the next step is construction. It is best to allow spaces for each hour, half-hours for a busy schedule. First, put down all of the necessities; classes, work, meals, etc. Now block in your study time (remember the study time formula presented earlier). Schedule it for a time when you are energized. Also, it's best to review class notes soon after class. Make sure to schedule in study breaks, about 10 minutes each hour. Be realistic on how many courses to take. To succeed in your courses you need to have the time to study. If you find you don't have time to study and you're not socializing to an extreme, you might want to consider lightening your load. Tips for Saving Time Now that you know how you spend most of your time, take a look at it. Think about what your most important things are. Do you have enough time? Chances are that you do not. Below are some tips on how to schedule and budget your time when it seems you just don't have enough.

4. Don't be a perfectionist

Trying to be a perfect person sets you up for defeat. Nobody can be perfect. Difficult tasks usually result in avoidance and procrastination. You need to set achievable goals, but they should also be challenging. There will always be people both weaker and stronger than you.

5. Learn to say no

For example, an acquaintance of yours would like you to see a movie with him tonight. You made social plans for tomorrow with your friends and tonight you were going to study and do laundry. You really are not interested. You want to say no, but you hate turning people down. Politely saying no should become a habit. Saying no frees up time for the things that are most important.

6. Learn to Prioritize

Prioritizing your responsibilities and engagements is very important. Some people do not know how to prioritize and become procrastinators. A "to do list" places items in order of importance. One method is the ABC list. This list is divided into three sections; a, b, or c. The items placed in the A section are those needed to be done that day. The items placed in the B section need completion within the week. The C section items are those things that need to be done within the month. As the B, C items become more pertinent they are bumped up to the A or B list. Try it or come up with your own method, but do it.

7. Combine several activities

Another suggestion is to combine several activities into one time spot. While commuting to school, listen to taped notes. This allows up to an hour or two a day of good study review. While showering make a mental list of the things that need to be done. When you watch a sit-com, laugh as you pay your bills. These are just suggestions of what you can do to combine your time, but there are many others, above all be creative, and let it work for you.

8. Conclusion

After scheduling becomes a habit, then you can adjust it. It's better to be precise at first. It is easier to find something to do with extra time then to find extra time to do something. Most importantly, make it work for you. A time schedule that is not personalized and honest is not a time schedule at all.


By George Mason University

Time Management for Leaders

Time in the organization is constant and irreversible. Nothing can be substituted for time. Worse, once wasted, it can never be regained. Leaders have numerous demands on their limited time. Time keeps getting away and they have trouble controlling it. No matter what their position, they cannot stop time, they cannot slow it down, nor can they speed it up. Thus, time needs to be effectively managed to be effective.

On the other hand, you can become such a time fanatic convert by building time management spreadsheets, creating priority folders and lists, color coding tasks, and separating paperwork into priority piles that you start to waste more time by managing it to deeply.

In addition, time management techniques may become so complex that you soon give up and return to your old time wasting methods.

What most people actually need to do is to analyze how they spend their time and implement a few time saving methods that will gain them the most time. The following are examples of some of the biggest time wasters:

* Worrying about it and putting it off, which leads to indecision
* Creating inefficiency by implementing first instead of analyzing first
* Unanticipated interruptions that do not pay off
* Procrastinating
* Making unrealistic time estimates
* Unnecessary errors (not enough time to do it right, but enough time to do it over)
* Crisis management
* Poor organization
* Ineffective meetings
* Micro-managing by failing to let others perform and grow
* Doing urgent rather than important tasks
* Poor planning and lack of contingency plans
* Failing to delegate
* Lacking priorities, standards, policies, and procedures

The following are examples of time savers:

* Managing the decision making process, not the decisions.
* Concentrating on doing only one task at a time.
* Establishing daily, short-term, mid-term, and long-term priorities.
* Handling correspondence expeditiously with quick, short letters and memos.
* Throwing unneeded things away.
* Establishing personal deadlines and ones for the organization.
* Not wasting other people's time.
* Ensuring all meetings have a purpose, time limit, and include only essential people.
* Getting rid of busywork.
* Maintaining accurate calendars; abide by them.
* Knowing when to stop a task, policy, or procedure.
* Delegating everything possible and empowering subordinates.
* Keeping things simple.
* Ensuring time is set aside to accomplish high priority tasks.
* Setting aside time for reflection.
* Using checklists and To-Do lists.
* Adjusting priorities as a result of new tasks.

Hofstadter's Law: It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take Hofstadter's Law into account.

A Simple Time Management Plan

Effective time management is crucial to accomplishing organization tasks as well as to avoiding wasting valuable organizational assets. The following nine rules (Butler & Hope 1996) will aid you:

People and Time

Get Started - This is one of the all time classic time wasters. Often, as much time is wasted avoiding a project, as actually accomplishing the project. A survey showed that the main difference between good students and average students was the ability to start their homework quickly.

Get into a routine - Mindless routines may curb your creativity, but when used properly, they can release time and energy. Choose a time to get certain task accomplished, such as answering email, working on a project, completing paper work; and then sticking to it every day. Use a day planning calendar. There are a variety of formats on the market. Find one that fits your needs.

Do not say yes to too many things - Saying yes can lead to unexpected treasures, but the mistake we often make is to say yes to too many things. This causes us to live to the priorities of others, rather than according to our own. Every time you agree to do something else, something else will not get done. Learn how to say no.

Do not commit yourself to unimportant activities, no matter how far ahead they are - Even if a commitment is a year ahead, it is still a commitment. Often we agree to do something that is far ahead, when we would not normally do it if it was in the near future. No matter how far ahead it is, it will still take the same amount of your time.

Divide large tasks - Large tasks should be broken up into a series of small tasks. By creating small manageable tasks, the entire task will eventually be accomplished. Also, by using a piecemeal approach, you will be able to fit it into your hectic schedule.

Do not put unneeded effort into a project - There is a place for perfectionism, but for most activities, there comes a stage when there is not much to be gained from putting extra effort into it. Save perfectionism for the tasks that need it.

Deal with it for once and for all - We often start a task, think about it, and then lay it aside. This gets repeated over and over. Either deal with the task right away or decide when to deal with it.

Set start and stop times - When arranging start times, also arrange stop times. This will call for some estimating, but your estimates will improve with practice. This will allow you and others to better schedule activities. Also, challenge the theory, “Work expands to fill the allotted time.” See if you can shave some time off your deadlines to make it more efficient.

Plan your activities - Schedule a regular time to plan your activities. If time management is important to you, then allow the time to plan it wisely.

What use is wizardry if it cannot save a unicorn? - Peter S. Beagle in The Last Unicorn

What use is saving time if you do not get something in exchange?

The Big Picture

Clock Keep the big picture of what you want to achieve in sight. Checklists normally have such items as: “staff meeting at 2:00” and “complete the Anderson Company memo Tuesday.” In addition to these small tasks, ensure you set quality time for the important tasks, for example:

* Develop a relationship with Sam in Marketing who may be helpful to me in the long run.
* Meet with all my workers on a regular basis. (It is your workers who will determine if you are a great leader, not you!)
* Read the new novel by your favorite writer that just came out.
* Coaching my employees on providing excellent customer service because that is where my vision is pointing to.
* Set aside time for interruptions. For example, the 15 minute coffee break with Sam that may lead to a great idea.

In other words, do not get caught up in short term demands. Get a real life! One quarter to one third of the items on your To-Do list need to contain the important long range items that will get you, your workers, and your organization on its way to excellence.

ពាក្យស្នើសុំប្រកួតប្រជែង “ស្នាដៃតែងនិពន្ធទំនុកច្រៀងតន្ត្រីសម័យអាស៊ីអាគ្នេយ៍ ឆ្នាំ២០១១”

ក្រោមប្រធានបទ:
1. អប់រំសីលធម៌សង្គម និងគតិបណ្ឌិតផ្លួវចិត្ត
2. បណ្ដុះស្មារតីស្នេហាជាតិ មាតុភូមិ
3. លើកស្ទួយវប្បធម៌នៃការសិក្សា
4. ថែរក្សា ការពារធនធានធម្មជាតិ និង បរិស្ថាន
5. លើកស្ទយយអនាម័យ និង សុខភាព
6. អភិរក្ស និងអភិវឌ្ឍវប្បធម៌ ប្រពៃណី ទំនៀមទំលាប់
7. លើកកំពស់សេដ្ឋកិច្ចគ្រួសារ
8. ការអភិវឌ្ឍសហគមន៍
9. ភូមិឃុំមានសុវត្ថិភាព ។ល។
10. អ្នកកវីនិពន្ធ អាចជ្រើសរើសប្រធានបទណាមួយក៏បានក្នុងប្រធានបទខាងលើ
ឬប្រធានបទផ្សេងក៏បានអោយតែបំរើការអប់រំ និង ការផ្សព្វផ្សាយចំណេះដឹងអភិវឌ្ឍន៍។

១ . ប្រវត្តិរូបសង្ខេប
 នាមត្រកូល និងនាមខ្លួន..................................................ជាអក្សរឡាតាំង........................................... ភេទ...................សញ្ជាតិ..................អាយុ..................កំពស់................ ទម្ងន់......................... គ.ក្រ
 ថ្ងៃ ខែ ឆ្នាំកំណើត............................................................................................................................. ទីកន្លែងកំណើត..................................................................................................................................
 អាសយដ្ឋានបច្ចុប្បន្ន ផ្ទះលេខ..............................ផ្លូវលេខ........................ក្រុមទី................................. ឃុំ/សង្កាត់................................. ស្រុកខ័ណ្ឌ........................................ ខេត្ត/ក្រុង............................... ទូរស័ព្ទលេខ.....................................................................................................................................
 ឈ្មោះឪពុកម្តាយ/អាណាព្យាបាល/អាយុ/មុខរបរ
ឪពុកឈ្មោះ................................................................................ អាយុ........................... ឆ្នាំ មុខរបរ..................................................................................................................................
ម្ដាយឈ្មោះ................................................................................ អាយុ........................... ឆ្នាំ មុខរបរ..................................................................................................................................

២ . កំរិតវប្បធម៌
 សញ្ញាបត្រ..........................................................................................................................................
 សញ្ញាបត្រភាសាបរទេស.....................................................................................................................
 កំរិតបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាលវិជ្ជាជីវៈ..................................................................................................................
 សញ្ញាបត្រផ្សេងៗដែលមាន................................................................................................................
៣ . កំណត់់សំគាល់

អ្នកកវីនិពន្ធម្នាក់ៗអាចដាក់ស្នាដៃប្រកួតប្រជែងរបស់ខ្លួនបានពីមួយស្នាដៃឡើងទៅ ហើយការេជូនរង្វាន់ លើកសរសើរនឹងទទួលបានទៅតាមគុណភាពស្នាដៃនីមួយៗដែលទទួលបានចំណាត់ថ្នាក់ៈ ល្អឆ្នើម ឬ ល្អប្រសើ ឬល្អ។


1. ស្នាដៃល្អឆ្នើម នឹង ទទួលបានរង្វាន់លើកសរសើរជាថវិកាចំនួន ២០០.០០០៛ក្នុងមួយស្នាដៃ
2. ស្នាដៃល្អប្រសើរ នឹង ទទួលបានរង្វាន់លើកសរសើរជាថវិកាចំនួន ១៥០.០០០៛ក្នុងមួយស្នាដៃ
3. ស្នាដៃល្អ នឹង ទទួលបានរង្វាន់លើកសរសើរជាថវិកាចំនួន ១០០.០០០៛ក្នុងមួយស្នាដៃ
សូមភ្ជាប់មកជាមួយនូវរូបថតពណ៌ធម្មជាតិទំហំ៤X៦ចំនួន ២ សន្លឹក។អ្នកកវីនិពន្ធ ត្រូវមកដាក់ស្នាដៃតែងនិពន្ធដោយខ្លួនឯង នៅស្ថានីយ៍អាស៊ីអាគ្នេយ៍ ដែលមានទីតាំងនៅ ភូមិស្លែង រលើង សង្កាត់ទឹកថ្លា ខណ្ឌសែនសុខ រាជធានីភ្នំពេញ។រាល់ឩប្បត្តិហេតុមានឡើង និងការចំណាយផ្សេងៗ ក្នុងពេលប្រកួតប្រជែងគឺជាបន្ទុករបស់សាមីខ្លួន។
ចាប់ទទួលស្នាដៃពីពេលផ្សាយដំណឹងនេះរហូតដល់ថ្ងៃទី៣០ ខែតុលា ឆ្នាំ២០១១
ទូរស័ព្ទទំនាក់ទំនងៈ 012 584 899, 016 584 899,023 995 106

Time Management

I'm guessing you are here because you want to make the most of your time. You recognize that time is a unique and precious resource that you need in order to do your work, accomplish your goals, spend time with your loved ones, and enjoy everything that life has to offer.
Perhaps you have a heavy workload and want to find ways to become more effective so you can get more done in less time.
Maybe you feel overwhelmed or “stressed out” and want to find ways to do less and enjoy more. Or maybe you simply want to feel more focused and in control of your time, instead of feeling like you rush madly from one activity to the next until you fall into bed exhausted every night.
Benjamin Franklin said, “Do you love life? Then do not squander time, for that's the stuff that life is made of.”
Whatever your reasons, you came to the right place. Here you'll find tons of resources, ideas and suggestions to help you improve your time management skills, increase your productivity and make much better use of your time.
What Exactly Is Time Management?
Time management is a set of principles, practices, skills, tools, and systems working together to help you get more value out of your time with the aim of improving the quality of your life.
The important point is that time management is not necessarily about getting lots of stuff done, because much more important than that is making sure that you are working on the right things, the things that truly need to be done.
Smart time managers know that there is much more to do than anyone could possibly accomplish. So instead of trying to do it all, smart time managers are very picky about how they spend their time.
They choose to focus and spend their time doing a few vital projects that will really make a difference, rather than spending all their time doing many trivial things that don't really matter all that much.
If you become a good time manager, you’ll not only get a lot more done in less time, but you’ll feel more relaxed, focused and in control of your life.
You’ll be able to use your time in a much more balanced and effective way, and you’ll be able to make time for the people and activities that you love. When you get to the end of a busy day, you’ll feel a strong sense of accomplishment from everything that you actually got done.
Improving your time management skills can even help you get better results by doing less work, because you're focusing on the things that really matter rather than all the low-priority busywork that just keeps you busy.
If you don’t learn how to manage your time well, you’ll be far less productive than you could be and you’ll get a lot less done. You’ll also feel much more stressed and overwhelmed, and you’ll struggle to find time to spend with the people you care about and to do the things you enjoy.
To start, I recommend that you signup for my newsletter and read look at some of the free reports including the 7 Secrets of Very Productive People and the Top Ten Time Management Mistakes. It's fast, easy and free.
To signup for the time management tips newsletter and get valuable ideas, tips and strategies delivered straight to your Inbox, just enter your email address below, then click the "Free Newsletter Signup" button.

Learning Time Management Skills
In the end, time management comes down to choices. Good choices lead to better results, while poor choices lead to wasted time and energy.
The good news is that time management can be learned and mastered by anyone. All it takes is practice and dedication.
Like any other skill, you can learn time management the easy way or you can learn it the hard way.
The hard way usually involves years of trial and error and lots of false starts trying to figure out what works and what doesn't.
If you'd like to save yourself some time, money and effort, I recommend you try the easy way: learn from someone who has already done it.
Makes sense, right?
15 Best Time Management Tips
In the meantime, here are 15 practical time management tips to help you get started...
1. Write things down
A common time management mistake is to try to use your memory to keep track of too many details leading to information overload. Using a to-do list to write things down is a great way to take control of your projects and tasks and keep yourself organized.
2. Prioritize your list
Prioritizing your to-do list helps you focus and spend more of your time on the things that really matter to you. Rate your tasks into categories using the ABCD prioritization system described in the time management course.
3. Plan your week
Spend some time at the beginning of each week to plan your schedule. Taking the extra time to do this will help increase your productivity and balance your important long-term projects with your more urgent tasks. All you need is fifteen to thirty minutes each week for your planning session.
4. Carry a notebook
You never know when you are going to have a great idea or brilliant insight. Carry a small notebook with you wherever you go so you can capture your thoughts. If you wait too long to write them down you could forget. Another option is to use a digital recorder.
5. Learn to say no
Many people become overloaded with too much work because they overcommit; they say yes when they really should be saying no. Learn to say no to low priority requests and you will free up time to spend on things that are more important.
6. Think before acting
How many times have you said yes to something you later regretted? Before committing to a new task, stop to think about it before you give your answer. This will prevent you from taking on too much work.
7. Continuously improve yourself
Make time in your schedule to learn new things and develop your natural talents and abilities. For example, you could take a class, attend a training program, or read a book. Continuously improving your knowledge and skills increases your marketability, can help boost your career, and is the most reliable path to financial independence.
8. Think about what you are giving up to do your regular activities
It is a good idea to evaluate regularly how you are spending your time. In some cases, the best thing you can do is to stop doing an activity that is no longer serving you so you can spend the time doing something more valuable. Consider what you are giving up in order to maintain your current activities.
9. Use a time management system
Using a time management system can help you keep track of everything that you need to do, organize and prioritize your work, and develop sound plans to complete it. An integrated system is like glue that holds all the best time management practices together.
10. Identify bad habits
Make a list of bad habits that are stealing your time, sabotaging your goals, and blocking your success. After you do, work on them one at a time and systematically eliminate them from your life. Remember that the easiest way to eliminate a bad habit, it to replace it with a better habit.
11. Don’t do other people’s work
Are you in the habit of doing other people’s work because or a ‘hero’ mentality? Doing this takes up time that you may not have. Instead, focus on your own projects and goals, learn to delegate effectively, and teach others how to do their own work.
12. Keep a goal journal
Schedule time to set and evaluate your goals. Start a journal and write down your progress for each goal. Go through your goal journal each week to make sure you are on the right track.
Keeping a journal on your computer has never been easier!
13. Don’t be a perfectionist
Some tasks don’t require your best effort. Sending a short email to a colleague, for example, shouldn’t take any more than a few minutes. Learn to distinguish between tasks that deserve to be done excellently and tasks that just need to be done.
14. Beware of “filler” tasks
When you have a to-do list filled with important tasks, be careful not to get distracted by “filler” tasks. Things such as organizing your bookcase or filing papers can wait until you tackle the items that have the highest priority.
15. Avoid “efficiency traps”
Being efficient doesn’t necessarily mean that you are being productive. Avoid taking on tasks that you can do with efficiency that don’t need to be done at all. Just because you are busy and getting things done doesn’t mean you are actually accomplishing anything significant
From: http://www.timethoughts.com/time-management.htm

CONVERSE WITH EASE

It’s important to talk to people in their own language. If you do it well, they’ll say, “God, he said exactly what I was thinking.” And when they begin to respect you, they’ll follow you to the death
– Lee Iacocca
I often hear that public speaking is a projected conversation. It simply means that the very principles that govern one-on-one conversation and that of addressing a crowd are basically the same. The only difference is the number of people involve. I learned in one of my project speech in Toastmasters that there are four levels of communication. Let me share them to you.

it is possible that most of your public speaking assignment are within your organization or company. It may not be too difficult specially when your organization is already within your comfort zone. It is also equally possible that you will be invited outside your comfort zone.

How do you strike a conversation with a stranger? Let us answer this question by looking into the four levels of communication.

STEPS
1. Smalltalk. If we shall see communication as relationship, then we can consider small talk as our initial entry into a relationship. It is more of testing the water. Small talk is your tool to find whether you and the other person have something in common. Simple questions like the weather of the day may be a good start. When you are attending a convention, asking the other person of his role in the convention may also be a good start.

2. Fact disclosure. No, this phase does not mean that you have to share your CV. At this phase you may share simple facts with each other, but avoid getting personal. Simple questions like “Where do you work”, or “Are you also a Rotarian are asking for facts but not personal. You may share facts with each other until you feel that you can move on to the next phase.

3. Viewpoints and opinions. At this point, you might feel comfortable enough with each other to share your viewpoints and opinions. Build on the simple facts you talked about at the previous stage: “I enjoy working here.” At this phase, avoid sharing your views on personal and controversial topics, such as your religious beliefs, political opinions, or personal problems. I have observed that there are people/strangers who do not like to go through the first two level. They start in the third level a situation which scares most of us.

4. Personal feelings. It is only after you and the person with whom you are talking have gained considerable comfort and trust with each other that you can progress to this phase. At this point, you can talk about more personal facts and feelings than you have been able to before. Don’t expect to reach this level of intimacy with everyone you meet.

Observe that conversing with a stranger is a good model for the other kinds of communication. The four levels of communication shows how the build-up of trust is significant in moving from small talk to sharing of personal feelings.
We can also consider public speaking in the same manner. Effective communicators build a bond between them and the audiences in the beginning, develop their credibility in the middle, and call for action at the end of the speech.

TIPS
Your goal is not to go through the four levels of communication when you are conversing with people/strangers. Sometimes, reaching fact disclosure is enough. The pattern is not necessarily linear. It means that you can go back to small talk after giving opinions, then to fact disclosure, small talk again, before sharing again an opinion. Conversation is an attempt to build trust with the other person.


WORKSHOP: Conversing With Ease
1. Initiate a conversation with someone you don’t know. Apply the four levels of communication. Begin with small talk, then fact disclosure, sharing of opinions…and to sharing of feelings when possible. Write your observation below.

2. Do the same thing again with another person. Write your observation.

3. Apply the levels of communication in your next speech. Write your observation.
From: http://jefmenguin.wordpress.com/resources/converse-with-ease/

The Time of Your Life

GET WHAT YOU WANT IN LIFE THROUGH TIME MANAGEMENT.

The time in any given day is one of the few things that is given to us equally. Yet it feels totally different when we are using time in a way we choose for ourselves than it feels when our time seems to loom out of our control. We must ask the larger question of what is valuable in our lives, integrating personal and professional goals. Without a strong desire to live out certain values, time management goes unused. A strong motivation to use one’s time to accomplish what one truly wants is necessary to bring about behavioral changes. This program is for anyone who wants more out of life, at work and at home.

A study of a thousand business people reported that 89 percent take work home, 65 percent work more than one weekend per month, and 53 percent spend less than two hours per week looking after their children. It is not likely that these people are happy with these choices. Time management is a process of constantly asking what is more important and arranging priorities to reflect each choice.

***

Training Objectives

Participants will have the following opportunities:

* To revisit our priorities in life, our goal for ourselves, and for people we love…
* To increase awareness of their attitudes toward time;
* To identify the Worst Practices AND Best Practices in Time Management
* To identify their procrastination patterns;
* To assess personal “clutter styles”; and
* To learn to plan time by setting priorities and developing action plans.
* To learn self-management principles in fun, friendly, and safe environment

Learning Seeds

Water, Sand, Gravel, and Rocks: What Are Your Priorities?
The Centennial Guy: Back to the Present
Time Management is Life Management: Setting Goals for Happy Life
Deathly Traps in Time Management
Best Practices in Time Management
Procrastination: Living the losers Lives
Habit Creating the Clutterless Workplace
Claiming the Best Time of My Life


Water, Sand, Gravel, and Rocks: Be Clear About Your Priorities
Time, the great equalizer, is managed by continually setting priorities. From the biggest picture (career and personal long-term goals) to the smallest choices (whether to finish writing the report or return phone calls), each choice places a relative priority order on what we do. This leads us to ask, “Do my current choices actually reflect what is of greatest value to me?” and “How can I clarify what is of greatest value to me and have my time usage reflect my priorities?” These two questions are crucial to time management and will be addressed in this workshop. This Icebreaker stimulates discovery and discussion.

The Centennial Guy: Number Your Days
The true test of living is to be able to look back after a long life and to be able to say, “Yes, I have done what I wanted to do in my lifetime.” Participants will travel towards the future and will look back on one’s life and take stock in what one has accomplished.

Time Management is Life Management: Setting Goals for the Happy Life
This segment is designed to move participants from broad goals to more concrete objectives and from specific action plans to items for their “to-do” lists. By breaking goals down, we begin to accomplish them today, rather than letting them loom large in front of us just out of reach.

Deathly Traps in Time Management
Most people follow a time management program, most of them ineffective and counter productive. This segment will help the participants identify the worst time management practices they are currently using and must avoid to be more effective.

Best Practices in Time Management
Then you have the best practices which are founded on common sense and right beliefs. You can replace the old worst practice with the best practice. Sometimes, all it takes is to know best practices do exist.

Procrastination: Living the Loser’s Life
Participants will discover the reasons why they procrastinated in the past. They will also examined their beliefs and correct them when necessary.

Creating the Clutterless Workplace
A major contribution to procrastination is the clutter of mail, email, documents, magazines, etc., that accumulates on our desks. The participants will share advice on how to reduce clutter. The collective wisdom of the group has been proven to be beneficial.

Claiming the Best Time of Your Life
Participants will commit themselves to a contract with self and others in valuing time. This segment aim to emphasize that time is not only equal to money–time management is life management.

***

The Time of Your Life Seminar

Get the Results You’re Looking For! Bring this powerful, high-impact training program to your organization and show your employees that you’re serious about their professional growth and achieving critical organizational goals and objectives.

Tailor the Training to Meet Your Specific Needs! Jef Menguin will help you choose the appropriate courses for your organization and tailor each one to address your specific goals, issues, and scheduling concerns.

Maximize Your Training Budget! On-Site Training allows you to train work groups, teams, and entire departments for less than the cost of traditional public seminars or other training options. Give your staff the skills, knowledge, and confidence they need to meet tough speaking situations head-on, realize their full potential, and perform at their peak.
***

This One-Day Program is best for 10 to 25 Participants. Enroll your people to The Time of Your Life Seminar today!
From: http://jefmenguin.wordpress.com/programs/time-management/

CELEBRATE YOU

If we live truly, we shall see truly—insist on yourself; never imitate—nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind, nothing can bring you peace but yourself, nothing can bring you peace but the triumph of principles. -Ralph Waldo Emerson

My mentor once said that if we truly believe that we are sons and daughters of God, we need not fear. To stand up and share our experiences, thoughts, and aspirations is a gift to our listener.

I remember an International Speech contestant who said that every time we stop trying, “a piece of God dies in us… a piece of God dies in us.” Another great speaker said that if we want to fly, we must first come to the edge…jump, and then fly.

My experience as a classroom teacher taught me two valuable lessons. The first is that I cannot learn for my students. All I can do is to teach them. The second is that if they are not willing they will not learn. I can invite them to come to the edge, push them, but what happens afterward is their choice—either to fall downward or soar up high.

In this module, I will share some nuggets on improving self image and building self-confidence.

Improving Self-Image
People with positive self-esteem project images which conform to reality. They see themselves as they are, and have learned to work with their image. They radiate an aura of balance and psychological well-being, which makes them attractive to others.
If we feel that we have low self-esteem, we better correct the image we have of ourselves? Even if we get to acquire all those embellishments some people (speakers) wear, we cannot be truly effective unless we have a positive self-image.

Self-image is the mental image of the way we believe we are. The key word here is “believe”.
Where does this image come from? A self image is like a jigsaw puzzle – the individual pieces join together to form a whole. Just like jigsaw puzzles have two or three main types of pieces, identified by shape and color, the image we have of ourselves is composed of multiple pieces which fit into each other, and which can be grouped , generally speaking, into three categories:

Body image: This, obviously, is the image we have of our bodies, based on the signals our body sends us. Since our body is ultimately the only tangible, concrete and visible entity we possess upon which we can base our judgment, it is the primary influence on our self image.

Education: We are, to a great extent, the product of our education. I know of friends who cannot mention the name of their alma maters in social occasions. They see their schools as symbols of social status and therefore a measurement of their personality. Children who are suppressed and intimidated by parents or teachers will develop a strong tendency to underestimate themselves their whole life long, despite any personal successes they may achieve later on.

Interpersonal relations: We spend a lot of time comparing ourselves to others, especially during the first thirty years of our lives. Therefore, a good piece of advice if you want to be successful and attract the love and friendship of others: don’t surround yourself with people who are depressed, defeatist, pessimistic, overly dependent, or who complain all the time. Seek out the friendship of people who are positive, optimistic, happy and independent.

How to improve self-image? Below are few logical steps you can do to improve your self-image.
1.Free yourself from the past! Your negative self image is the result of precise causes, which go way back to your past. My mother told me I like to sing when I was young. Now, I only sing when I having my shower and no one is listening. I always trace it back to that time in high school when a music instructor embarrassed me in front of my class. Since then, no one can really force me to sing.
2.Dig deep – you may need a few days to run through your past and find out what’s bothering you. Dig deep, and include even minor details. You’ll be the only one ever to read this list, so don’t be afraid to include things that you’d never admit to anyone else, even under torture!
3.Forgive yourself. You cannot correct past mistakes by forever blaming yourself. Many of those mistakes are products of our immaturity. We are a different person now. Forgive yourself and move on.
4.Burn those negative images in your life. Turn a new leaf.

The steps above are easier than what you think they are. Those are just preliminary steps. It is important that we do something in the present for us to really change our on mental image. Observe the three powerful steps below.
1.Reprogram your life. We are a product of our habits. Our words and actions evolve through the years. You can start changing your self-image by changing your routine.
2.Greet the dawn. Start seeing each day as a new day and not simply as the continuation of the old one. Greet each day with anticipation.
3.Evaluate at night. Every night, assess your progress. See if you are successful with your goals. Praise every little success that you get because they are your tools which you can use for the next day.

TIPS:
• People who feel good about themselves tend to take good care of themselves and treat others with respect. (Louise Hart, The winning Family: Increasing Self-Esteem in Your Children and Yourself)
• If you find something that you don’t like about yourself, don’t fall into the trap of viewing your entire self through fault. The rest of you is still wonderful and growing.
• It is more important to ask oneself. “What is right with me?” than, “What is wrong with me?”

Warning: Changing our self image does not mean developing an inflated ego. On the contrary, what we’re trying to do is change our mental image, our own evaluation of ourselves – in other words the concept we have of your ego. We must not forget that our ego is, and always will be, what it was to start out with. What we have to change in order to succeed in life and win the support of others is the erroneous and undervalued image we have of ourselves.
Before we do the workshop, I do suggest that you read Og Mandino’s THE GREATEST MIRACLE .
WORKSHOP: IMPROVING SELF-IMAGE

ERASING NEGATIVE SELF-IMAGE
1. List the things you don’t like about yourself and the reasons you blame yourself the way you are.

2. Dig deeper. For the next two weeks continue collecting those things you don’t like about yourself. Being aware of the causes that tarnish your self-image is significant.

3. After completing the list, find the reason why you have to forgive yourself. For each negative image, write your reasons why you are forgiving yourself. Example: I forgive myself for making a fool of myself during our cultural presentation. I was nervous and I was young then.

4. Write down the negative images. Burn them. Or if you don’t like burning, tear them. This is important. In a symbolic way, you are committing yourself to forget those negative images, and move on to a new day.

BUILDING A NEW POSITIVE SELF-IMAGE
1. List down your routine. Change your routine. Do these new routine for the next two weeks. Again, this is important. Our habits being product of everything that surrounds our life, merely changing our routine can definitely help us.

2. Greet each morning with anticipation of a new day. List down ways on how you intend to make this day even more beautiful. (You may also use Og Mandino’s I Will Greet This Day).

3. Each night, evaluate your progress. Praise those little successes that you achieve. Write them here.

VISUALIZE SUCCESS

If you can imagine it, you can achieve it; if you can dream it, you can become it. –William Arthur Ward

I first encountered the word creative visualization in the books the CHAMPION the world famous Tom Hopkins. He did not mention it in another equally popular book How to Master the Art of Selling, but he included the techniques in teaching salespeople how to become more effective.

Then I realized that we are actually using it subconsciously. It is so effective that when the intensity of use is so high, the resulting energy it produces is very strong.

In my career as a teacher, I came to know a lot of people who are very good at predicting the bad things that may happen to them.

There is this Boy Scout who kept on saying that he will fall from a rope bridge even before we asked him to cross it. He was right. He was so worried with falling he did not hold on to the ropes.

In Toastmasters, I know some who kept on saying that they were sure that they would forget their lines during their speech. They brought their notes with them. They were also correct. After sometime, they kept on looking at their notes they almost forgot their audience.

And I know another one who believed that he will win a speech contest because he feels it. At the time he delivered the speech, he did it like a true champion. It was not difficult to sense his confidence. He eventually won.

Some may say that these are just coincidence. Maybe, but maybe not. Maybe it has something to do with creative visualization.

What is Creative Visualization?
Creative visualization is a way of using your mind to get what you want out of life. By thinking of the good things you want to happen as part of a regular routine, you’re creating a positive energy. This positive energy then takes on form as the actual reality you desired. The same is also true with thinking of bad things about ourselves. Every time we think that we are ugly, ill-equip, ill-mannered, and unlikable, we project the same. The key words are create and visualize. We are creating our wishes by visualizing them.
Do you find a connection between our discussion between self-image and creative visualization? You should. Creative visualization is our subconscious wish for ourselves. Of course we did not wish for the negative things to happen to us, but since we kept on thinking about them, our subconscious mind register them as our wish and help us make them real.

STEPS
Study the two basic steps below. It is important that you practice doing them before you try practicing creative visualization. Understand creative visualization is a technique that can help you in any facet of your life. I included it here because I believe it can help you improve as a communicator.

1. Meditate. Sit or lie in a comfortable position, and make a conscious effort to feel each part of your body relaxing. Start at your toes, and work your way up to your head. As you do this, take slow, deep breaths. This should take a few minutes.

2. Visualize. Many people can’t “see” a mental picture at first, so if this happens don’t let it worry you. After you’ve relaxed, you can “practice” visualizing by picturing things you see and do in everyday life. Try to imagine enjoyable things. You might picture your favorite room, or dancing with someone special, or eating your favorite meal. Doing these practice runs will help you “see” when it comes time to try the real thing!
If you find this practice disturbing to your faith, you may not use this technique. I just realize though while writing these first two steps are practiced both by Christian and Buddhist monks. Being a technique, it can be use by anyone who has positive intentions.

After practicing these first two steps, we can now go through more specific practice. There are four specific steps.
1. Decide what it is that you want. Do you want to be a dynamic speaker? Do you want to get rid of your mannerisms? Is there something you want to change about yourself? Pick your goal. You may get harder goals. You may get easier goals. I do suggest do that you start first with goals which maybe achieve at the shortest time.

2. Picture the idea exactly as you want it to be. If you are to deliver a speech in your company and you want to create an impact, picture yourself in the situation delivering the speech the way you want it as if you already possessed all the skills necessary to do it.

3. Recite self-affirmations. If your goal is to deliver an effective speech to your organization, you may write self-affirmation this way: I plus your goal. Example: On December 25, I deliver a meaningful presentation. I am well-prepared, passionate, and purpose-driven.
Og Mandino’s I Will Greet This Day is a very good example of self-affirmation.

4. Believe in the reality of your goal. Believe that it will really happen. Disbelief is a negative energy. Let your desire to succeed make you believe in what want to happen.

TIPS:
1. By writing out words of confidence you help implant the idea more firmly in your subconscious mind, which then works harder and faster to produce happy results. Affirmations are your strongest confidence-builders. (Catherine Ponder, The Dynamic laws of prosperity)
2. Apply Creative Visualization in learning the other skills in this manual.

WARNING: Creative Visualization does not work against other persons. By wishing bad things to other people, one will be corrupting his mind, damaging his or help self-image.

WORKSHOP: Visualize Success

1. List anything that you want to happen in your life. It may be a better performance at work, a wonderful conversation with your wife, or an entertaining speech delivery in your company.

2. Apply creative visualization.

3. Write your self-affirmation. Your self-affirmation will make you focus your attention to your goal.

4. Record your successes.

From: http://jefmenguin.wordpress.com/resources/visualize-success/

AVOID MISCOMMUNICATION

One of the usual problems we face in our relationship with people is miscommunication. How shall we avoid miscommunication? Given the complexity of the communication process, it is not easy to give the answer.

One way that we may help us avoid miscommunication is to consider the five steps of clear communication.

STEPS
1. Clearly state the facts, as they have occurred. Describe what literally happened, without judgment or interpretation. You may check to see if the other person is aware of these facts, and if he has other important pieces of information that need to be considered.

People often put across their own beliefs as objective facts. Don’t. This is more likely to cause other people not only to disagree with you, but to try to make you wrong.

2. Communicate your thoughts and opinions about the situation. Facts are neutral. They become positive or negative, good or bad, right or wrong when you make a judgment about them. Thoughts are your subjective response to the objective facts. Through thoughts and opinions you communicate your evaluation of the facts. This second level includes your attitudes, preferences, and opinions about the facts. Do not communicate your thoughts as if they are facts by stating an opinion like, “The fact is you are wrong.” Often, people will have less resistance to your opinions if you first clarify the objective facts, and then offer your subjective opinions as possibilities.

3. Clearly state your feelings or emotions. You can either control your emotions or your emotions will control you. Emotions will be expressed unconsciously if you do not express them consciously. When you suppress or repress the emotion it becomes unconscious and controls your behavior. To control the emotions effectively, you must acknowledge them consciously. Let the other person know that he may have sensed some emotion from you, and you want to clarify. Let him know you will take responsibility for your own emotion without blaming him for it, and you still want to communicate to him what you believe is important (“I know I may be feeling angry, and I don’t want that to get in the way of working this out,” or “I feel hurt by what you
did, so I want to make sure you understand why this is important to me.”).
Sometimes people mistake their thoughts and opinions for emotions. They may say, “I feel that you do not understand me,” or “I feel you should not be treating me this way.” These feelings are not emotions, they are opinions. Any sentence that begins with “I feel that” is most likely not a statement of emotion, but is a statement of opinion. You may think that someone does not understand you, and you may feel hurt or angry in response. Because of what you think (thoughts) about what happened (facts), you may be upset (emotions). But your communication does not end here. Two more levels must be involved by clarifying why this issue is important to you, and what your expectations are. to you, and what your expectations are.

4. Describe what is important to you about the situation. Take a moment to consider your thoughts and feelings, state what these mean to you, what is important to you and why you think and feel as you do. Any emotion you experience indicates deeper beliefs or priorities which are important to you. You may disagree with the other person about the facts or in your opinions, and yet still hold the same goals and priorities. This can provide a basis for cooperation even when you have different points of view. And if you do not clearly state your priorities, others are likely to make assumptions and fill in the blanks. Eliminating any of the five levels of communication adds fuel to the misunderstanding.

5. Clearly express your expectations, the action you want to take as a result of this discussion. Don’t stay stuck in the emotion of the moment. Don’t expect the other person to guess. Be clear. Be clear enough to identify what you would like the other person to do, and what you will do. It is important to state this expectation in a positive way. You may expect the other person to not understand you. You may expect him to be uncooperative. But this is not really what you want. You want him to understand, you want him to cooperate. You may tend to think that if he really respects you he will know what you want, and will respond accordingly. Whether he knows what you want has nothing to do with whether or not he respects you or cares about you. It has to do with whether you have told him clearly, directly, and concisely what you want of him and of you.

However, since seventy percent of what you communicate is done nonverbally, you may not consciously think about what you say on each of these five levels of communication during a normal conversation, so it may be difficult to suddenly begin measuring all your words in five easy steps. You need to develop a familiarity with each level in order to comfortably use them in a stressful moment. One very effective way to develop this familiarity is to hold the model of the five levels in your mind as a blueprint while you listen to other people. You could actively ask questions about each level, interviewing them until you completely understand what facts they know, their opinions and feelings, what they believe is important, and what they want to do.

The Five Levels of a Clear Communication
1. Observing The Facts: What actually happened?
Describe what you see, hear, feel (touch), taste, smell.
• Possible opening statements: ‘Let me see if I am clear. You said, …
“Is that correct?’
• or “When I see you do …”(describe actual behaviors).
• or “When I hear you say …”(describe actual words).

2. Thoughts/Opinions: What were you thinking?
• What thoughts did you have in response to the input described in step one.
• “(When I see you do …) I think …”

3. Feelings: How did you feel?
• Describe the emotions that you feel in response to the input in step I.
• “(When I hear you say …, I think …) and I feel …”

4. Meaning/Importance: What did this mean to you?
• Explore and communicate the beliefs, judgements, values, and opinions you have about steps I – III. Describe what meaning these facts, thoughts, and feelings have for you:
• “What this means to me is …”

5. Actions/Expectations: What do you want? What will you do?
• Clarify what you will choose to do in response to this situation, and clarify what you request and/or expect of the other person.
• “As a result, I will …”
• “And as a result, I want you to …”
From: http://jefmenguin.wordpress.com/resources/avoid-miscommunication/

SET YOUR GOALS

The last step depends on the first. The first step depends on the last.- Rene Daumall

If you have no problem setting goals, I feel that it will be easy for you to set goals on how to become an effective communicator. There are two methods that I will share to you. The first one is from Zig Ziglar. If you into reading self-improvement books, you must have found out that goal setting experts suggest almost identical steps
Zig Ziglar’s Goal-Setting Steps (A Course in Winning audio tapes)

1. Identify the goal
2. Set a deadline for the achievement
3. List the obstacles to overcome
4. Identify the people and groups to work with
5. List the skills and knowledge required to reach your goal
6. Develop an action plan.
7. List the benefits

The BD3 Goal Setting Steps
BD3 stands for Brainstorm, Decide, Do, and Distinguish.

1. Brainstorm – Get yourself in a quite place where you are not likely to be disturbed. Let your mind focus on these questions:
What would you like to accomplish in a period of time?
What would you like to change?
What would you like to be?
What would you like to have?
What would you like to do?
What would you like to contribute?

pend 5-10 minutes writing down whatever goals come to mind. For this exercise, there are no limits. Let the ideas come freely, without evaluation. Don’t just think about them, write them down. Remember, the weakest ink is better than the strongest memory. Come up with as many goals as you can.

2.Decide
a.Choose one goal from the brainstorming list that you most want to accomplish in the given period of time, and
b.Decide it will happen. Decide that no matter what, you will get this goal in your target deadline.
This is a very important decision. A lot of people dream, but failed because they don’t set a deadline. Remember– a goal is a dream with a deadline. By deciding that you will get your get no matter what begins the process of change, and thus begins to build momentum.
3.Do – all the necessary things to make it happen. One way to do this is to work backward from your deadline to now. For example if your goal is to become a dynamic speaker in one year, consider your development from your 12th month back to the present. What should you become on the 10th month? Are you already developing speeches in Rotary and Lions Clubs? You may even go more specific with acquiring skills–using humor, telling a story, inspiring, motivating. Go more specific: using visual aids, applying gestures and vocal variety.

Doing the little but necessary things towards your goal is like fitting the small pieces of the puzzle with each other to finally form the wonderful puzzle picture.
4.Distinguish – between what is working and what is not. Are your actions moving you closer to your goal or further away from your goal? If what you are doing is working, great for you, keep it up, and perhaps do even more. If what you are doing is not working, change your strategy. Remember, if you keep doing the same things you have always done, you’ll get the same things you have always gotten. Keep changing your strategies until you get the results you want.

Tips:
Desire, determination, motivation, skill, talent, and stick-to-itiveness are the qualities needed to accomplish your goals.

Warning : Don’t get so narrow in your goal that you forget about your higher purpose.

WORKSHOP
1. Brainstorm
a. List down specific questions. You may use the questions given in the first step of BD3 approach.

b. For 5 to 10 minutes list down whatever goals you have (in whatever aspect of communications or in life). Don’t edit. You don’t even have to think if it is logical. Just write freely.

2. Decide
a. Choose goals from the brainstorming list that you most want to accomplish.

b. Identify your long term goals.

c. Identify your short term goals.

Note: A goal must have SMART qualities.
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic a
Time-bound

3. Do
a. Describe in detail your MAJOR goal. Indicate the time frame, the start date, and the completion date.

b. Describe why this goal is important for you to achieve.

c. We are motivated to act for on of two reasons, either to avoid pain or to gain pleasure. Describe the pain/pleasure motivation behind this major goal in detail.

d. What are the obstacles and solutions in the achievement of this goal?

Obstacles

Solutions

e. To achieve any goal requires you to key resources. List the resources you currently have access to. List also other resources that may be required in order for you to complete this goal.

f. What additional knowledge do you require to achieve this goal?

g. Document your support (minor) goals in order to achieve your major goal. These support goals will form the basis of your short term goals. For each support goal, indicate also the time frame, start date, and completion date.

h. Commit yourself to the achievement of your goal.

4. Distinguish
a.Which goals are working?

b.Which goals are not working?

c.What changes/improvement you need to do for each goal.

TIP
When a goal is not working, it does not mean that it will not work. Sometimes, all you need is to change your approach of attaining your goal.

From: http://jefmenguin.wordpress.com/resources/set-your-goals/

Build Your Self-Confidence

Self-confidence is an attitude which allows us to have positive yet realistic views of ourselves and our situations. We are confident when trust our own abilities, have a general sense of control of our lives, and believe that, within reason, we shall be able to do what we wish, plan, and expect.

Having self-confidence does not mean that we believe that we shall be able to do everything today. Because we are realistic, even though our wishes and expectations are not met, we continue to be positive about ourselves.
Our confidence, or the lack of it, is more evident when we present ourselves in front of people. I believe that our lack of confidence is a greater hindrance towards self-expression and attainment of our goal than lack of education or skills.

The steps (or strategies) below may help us in building our self-confidence in public speaking. We may also consider these steps as the building blocks for greater confidence in any aspect of our life.

STEPS
1. Recognize Your Personal Worth. Give yourself credit for everything you try. By focusing on what you can do, you applaud yourself for efforts rather than emphasizing end products. If we expect people to consider our efforts when we do something, we must require the same thing from ourselves. Think of your good qualities as a speaker–voice, diction, gestures, body movements, sincerity, humor, etc. Gaining self-confidence is like playing the game of basketball. Your score is counted not by number of attempts you missed, but by the number of attempts you made. Remember that when you are asked to speak, you will be sharing in you which other people don’t have. You will always have something to offer.

2. Take Risks. Approach speaking experiences as opportunities to learn rather than to show how good you are. Many speakers play safe and place themselves inside the box created for them by other people’s expectations. Some of them are like grade-conscious students who are more focused on the grades rather than the beautiful and practical lessons that they can learn from their subjects. It is okay to make mistakes when you are speaking. Great speakers also made a lot of mistakes. And they learned from them.

3. Use Self-Talk. Use self-talk as an opportunity to counter harmful assumptions. Tell yourself to “stop” and substitute more reasonable assumptions. Self-talk helps us look for more logic explanations to questions about our self-worth. For example, I know of some speakers who believe that they must please everyone in the audience every time they talk. It is possible to please everyone in the audience at one time, but not every time. This is therefore a perfectionist, unattainable goal. It is more realistic to accept that we have different kinds of audiences and therefore different way of perceiving things.

4. Self-Evaluate. When you see yourself as a friend, it will be easier for you to learn. Most of us see friends as another self. Someone who listens to our dreams and aspirations. Someone who praises us for the good things we do. Someone who censures us for the mistakes we commit. Evaluate yourself like a friend. Praise yourself for the commendable aspects of your presentation and find ways to further maximize it. Also, look into those aspects which are neglected in your presentation. See how you can improve them too.
5. Visualize your Success. One great difference between a confident and no-confident speaker is their ability to visualize success. Speakers who are not confident have self-defeating thought patterns. They “see” the worst scenario that will happen to them when they speak. The confident speakers on the other hand, being well-prepared and realistic, imagine the best possible presentation they can give. They imagine their meaningful gestures and facial expressions, the grace of their movements, and the color of their voices. They see themselves as success. They approach the stage, or wherever they are, with positive attitude.

TIPS
1. Assess your capabilities. Start with your physical, natural endowments. Exercise and expand those to work in your favor. You have emotional, mental, and spiritual strengths as well; some are natural talents and others have been developed by circumstances that you have lived.
2. In the acquisition of confidence you need at least a bit of success. You have to have some chutzpah to step out there in the first place to see if and how it works. You also need a bit of failure to overcome, to learn from, so you can go on to what does the work. Success is tied to setting goals. Set up the dynamic of a positive goal. Assess the reality of your current situation, take a look at the intermediate goals in between and achieve them.


WARNING: Arrogance is not self-confidence. When someone starts to believe that he is already too good, that is the very moment that he stops to learn.
WORKSHOP

1. Recognize your personal worth. Enumerate your strong points, as well as the occasions on which you’ve put them to good use.
a. In which areas do you possess special abilities? They may be professional abilities, or hobbies, sports, and others.

b. What tangible things have you accomplished (academic or professional success, educating your children, success in your marriage or personal life, in sports, and so on)?

c. On which occasions have you experienced the pleasure of success? Search through your memory, going back as far as you can – right to your childhood.

d. Do you remember a particular time in your life that you were able to fully express yourself? How did it feel?

e. What do people you know appreciate about you?

2. Take Risk.
a. What change you would like to see in your performance as a communicator?

b. How will you enact that change?

c. What is holding you back from enacting that change?

d. Look at what is holding you back. Is it really an obstacle or something that you could overcome if you would take the risk?

e. Would it not be worth to improve yourself now, or are you going to wait for some more time to change?

3. Using Self-Talk.
a. Write down your “failures” as a communicator. You may also include your personal, professional, and social failures if you think they contribute to your lack of self-confidence. Write your answer in column A.
b. Analyze each failure individually. Is it possible that
i. What you have considered to be YOUR failure was totally beyond your control, i.e, it had nothing to do with you?
ii.Or what you have considered to be a failure was not actually a failure, but simply dissatisfaction?
Write your answer in column B.

Column A Column B

4. Self-evaluate
a. When was the last time you talk with a friend? Delivered a speech? Or listened to someone? List down your strengths and weaknesses as a communicator.

b. What makes a good communicator? Make your own criteria and see how you fair with your own standards. Be ready to give recommendation for your own improvement.

5. Visualizing Success
a. Imagine yourself conversing with a person you admire most. Describe your conversation.

b. Imagine yourself delivering a wonderful speech. Describe it.

from:
http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=7143420188675844585

កំណាព្យ សាំងខ្មែរ បទកាកគតិ

1. សាំងអើយសាំងខ្មែរ .......... សាំងថ្លៃម្លេះទេ ............ សាំងខ្មែរអ្នកមាន
សាំងបង្កើតកូន ............ ចំណេញរយលាន ............. សាំងខ្មែរមិនអៀន សាំងឡើងមិនចុះ។

2. សាំងជួយអ្នកណា................. សាំងជាតិខេមរា.......... សាំងមិនស្រួលស្រុះ
សាំងនាំសេដ្ឋកិច្ច........... ខ្មែរឲ្យធ្លាក់ចុះ ............... សាំងចិត្តមិនស្មោះ
ថ្លៃកប់ពពក។ និពន្ធដោយ៖ យី ឆេងអ៊ួ (ប៉េង)

ពាក្យគន្លឹះ

បណ្ណារក្ខ ប៉័ន-ណារ៉ាក់ បា.; សំ. ( ន. ) (បណ្ណារក្ខ; បណ៌ារក្ស) អ្នកថែទាំរក្សាទុកនូវសៀវភៅ, ឯកសារ, សាស្ត្រា, គម្ពីរ, ក្បួនខ្នាតផ្សេងៗ, អ្នកកាន់កាប់បណ្ណាល័យ : ត្រូវប្រគល់សៀវភៅទាំងអស់នេះដល់បណ្ណារក្ខ ដើម្បីចុះក្នុងបញ្ជីហើយរក្សាទុកសម្រាប់បណ្ណាល័យទៅ ។ បណ្ណារក្ស
បណ្ណាល័យ ប៉័ន-ណា-ល៉ៃ បា.; សំ. ( ន. ) (បណ្ណាលយ; បណ៌ាលយ) ផ្ទះឬទីកន្លែងសម្រាប់តម្កល់ទុកនូវសៀវភៅ, គម្ពីរ, ក្បួនច្បាប់ផ្សេងៗ : ខ្ចីសៀវភៅពីបណ្ណាល័យ, គប្បីយកសៀវភៅដែលខ្ចីទៅជូនបណ្ណល័យវិញតាមកំណត់ច្បាប់ ។
គ្រូ បា.; សំ. ( ន. ) (គរុ; គុរុ = គរ > គ្រ, + ុ > ូ = គ្រូ) អ្នកដែលមានចិត្តធ្ងន់; អ្នកដែលគួរគេគោរព គឺអ្នកបង្ហាត់បង្រៀនចំណេះវិជ្ជាសិល្បសាស្រ្តផ្សេងៗដល់សិស្ស : គ្រូអក្សរ, គ្រូលេខ, គ្រូភ្លេង ... ។ សមណៈដែលបំបួសកុលបុត្រឲ្យបានជាបព្វជិត : គ្រូបំបួស, គ្រូសូត្រ ។ ពេទ្យរក្សារោគ : គ្រូពេទ្យ, គ្រូថ្នាំ, ទៅរកគ្រូមកមើលជំងឺ ។
នាយក នាយក់ សំ. បា. ( ន. ) អ្នកនាំ, អ្នកដឹកនាំ, អ្នកត្រួតត្រា : អ្នកនាយក, ឥតមានអ្នកនាយកលើ ។ បើស្ត្រីជា នាយិកា ។ ប្រើក្លាយមកជា កិ. ថា. ត្រួតត្រា ក៏មាន : កុំមកនាយកលើខ្ញុំ...។ ប្រើជា កិ. បែបនេះតាមទម្លាប់មាត់ដែលនិយាយខុសទេ, គួរលែងប្រើ ត្រូវប្រើថា កុំមកធ្វើជានាយកលើខ្ញុំ...ដូច្នេះវិញ ។
នាយកធម៌ --យៈកៈធ័រ បា. សំ. ( ន. ) ធម៌របស់នាយក, ធម៌សម្រាប់ជនអ្នកដឹកនាំឬអ្នកត្រួតត្រាអ្នកដទៃ : បុគ្គលជាបព្វជិតក្ដី គ្រហស្ថក្ដី ដែលធ្វើជាប្រធានត្រួតត្រាលើអ្នកដទៃ គប្បីមាននាយកធម៌ ៦ យ៉ាង ប្រចាំនៅក្នុងសន្ដានជានិច្ច គឺ ១-ខមា សេចក្ដីអត់ធន់; ២-ជាគរិយៈ សេចក្ដីភ្ញាក់រលឹករឿយៗ; ៣-ឧដ្ឋានៈ សេចក្ដីឧស្សាហ៍ខ្នះខ្នែង; ៤-សំវិភាគៈ ការចែករលែកឬការរំលែកឲ្យនូវវត្ថុផ្សេងៗ; ៥-ទយា សេចក្ដីអាណិតអាសូរត្រាប្រណីគេ; ៦-ឥក្ខណា ការរំពៃមើលខុសត្រូវ ។ (ព. កា.) រីនាយកធម៌ ដ៏បវរទាំងប្រាំមួយ នេះឯងតែងលើកស្ទួយ ឲ្យនាយកមានតម្លៃ ។
បណ្ណាធិការ ប៉័ន-ណា-ធិកា បា.; សំ. ( ន. ) (បណ៌ាធិការ) អធិការនៃសារពត៌មាន, អ្នកកាន់កាប់ឬទទួលខុសត្រូវខាងកាសែត ឬ ទស្សនាវដ្តីផ្សេងៗ ។
បណ្ណាគារិក ប៉័ន-ណាគារិក បា. ( ន. ) អ្នកកាន់ក្នុងបណ្ណាគារ; ម្ចាស់បណ្ណាគារ ។ ស្រ្តីជា បណ្ណាគារិកា ។
បណ្ណាគារ ប៉័ន-ណា-គារ បា.; សំ. ( ន. ) (បណ៌ាគារ) ផ្ទះជាវសៀវភៅ, សាស្រ្តា, ក្បួន, ច្បាប់ ។
នាយចំណង់ ( ន. ) នាយទាហានដែលមានចិត្តចង់បម្រុងនឹងឡើងទៅកាន់ឋានន្តរជាអនុសេនីយ៍ត្រី គឺឋានន្តររបស់នាយទាហានដែលនៅក្នុងចន្លោះព្រឹន្ទបាលឯកនិងអនុសេនីយ៍ត្រី (បារ. Aspirant) ហៅថា បេក្ខសេនីយ៍ ក៏បាន (មើលក្នុងពាក្យ បេក្ខជន) ។
នាយទោ ( ន. ) (នាយទី ២) ឋានន្តររបស់ពលទាហានខ្ពស់ជាងពលឯក, ទាបជាងនាយឯក (បារ. Caporal) ។
នាយឯក ( ន. ) (នាយទី ១) ឋានន្តរនៃពលទាហានខ្ពស់ជាងនាយទោ, ទាបជាងពលបាលត្រី (បារ. Caporal-Chef) ។
នាម៉ឺន ( ន. ) មន្ត្រីមានបណ្ដាស័ក្តិ ១០ ហ៊ូពាន់ គឺស័ក្តិមួយម៉ឺន; ពាក្យនេះជាប់មកពីសម្ដីសៀមថា ន៉ាហ្មឺ់ន “ស្រែមួយម៉ឺន”, ន៉ាសែន “ស្រែមួយសែន”; បណ្ដាស័ក្តិមន្រ្តីធំក្នុងសម័យព្រេងនាយយូរមកហើយ ដែលមានមុខងារត្រូវស្ដីត្រួតត្រា ឬត្រូវបានស្រែមួយហ្មឺន, មួយសែន ជាមុខអាការ; ព្រោះហេតុនោះ ទើបមានពាក្យនិយាយថា នាហ្មឺននាសែន ឬ ន៉ាហ្មឺនន៉ាសែន ជាប់មកដល់សព្វថ្ងៃ : ធ្វើជានាហ្មឺន ។ ព. ផ្ទ. រាស្ត្រ ។ ម. ព. ក្សត្រ ឬ ក្សត្រិយ៍ ទៀតផង ។ នាហ្មឺន
នាមប័ណ្ណ --មៈប័ន បា. ( ន. ) (នាម + បណ្ណ) ក្រដាសរឹងជាសន្លឹកតូចៗ មានសរសេរនាមបុគ្គលម្នាក់ៗ (បារ. Cart de visite)
នាមប្បញ្ញត្តិ នាម័ប-ប័ញ-ញ៉ាត់ បា. ( ន. ) ការកំណត់ឈ្មោះ, ការឲ្យឈ្មោះ ។ ខ្មែរក្នុងសម័យបុរាណ ច្រើនតែជ្រើសរើសឈ្មោះតាមបង្គាប់ក្នុងក្បួនមហាទក្សា, ឯតាមការណ៍ពិត, ឈ្មោះនោះឥតមានគុណទោសឬសុខទុក្ខល្អអាក្រក់អ្វីទេ គឺតាមតែឲ្យឈ្មោះថាអ្វីក៏បាន, ដូចជាឈ្មោះ ក, កើត, កែវ, គង់, គាំ, ចម្រុង, ចម្រើន, ចាប, ព្រាប, នៅ, រស់, សុខ ជាដើម ពុំមែនសុទ្ធតែពិតដូចឈ្មោះទាំងនោះទេ ប៉ុន្តែទោះបីពុំពិតដូច្នោះក៏ដោយ មនុស្សក្នុងសកលលោក ក៏ច្រើនតែជ្រើសរើសយកឈ្មោះល្បីៗឬពីរោះៗមកប្រើដែរ ពីព្រោះចង់ឲ្យកូនចៅបានសមប្រកបដូចឈ្មោះនោះៗ, នេះគឺជាការចាំបាច់របស់មនុស្សស្ទើរតែរាល់រូបក្នុងលោក នឹងបដិសេធ ចោលក៏ពុំកើត ។
នាមគ្គហណមង្គល នាម័កគៈហៈណៈមង់គល់ បា. ( ន. ) មង្គលឲ្យនាម គឺមង្គលបង្កក់ឬបង្កក់ឆ្មបឲ្យឈ្មោះកូនដែលកើតហើយបាន ៣ ថ្ងៃ ឬ ៧ថ្ងៃ ។
វចនានុក្រម វៈចៈន៉ានុក្រំ សំ.; បា. ( ន. ) (វចន + អនុ “តាម” + ក្រម “ លំដាប់”; វចន + អនុ + កម > វចនានុក្កម) លំដាប់ពាក្យ, លំដាប់ពាក្យដែលរៀបរៀងតាមរបៀបមុនក្រោយ ។ ឈ្មោះសៀវភៅនេះឯង : សៀវភៅវចនានុក្រមខ្មែរ ។ វេវ. បទានុក្រម, លិបិក្រម, អក្ខរានុក្រម, អភិធាន , អភិធានសព្ទ, វចនាធិប្បាយ; សព្វវចនាធិប្បាយ ។
វចនាធិប្បាយ វៈចៈន៉ាធិប-បាយ បា.; សំ. ( ន. ) (វចន + អធិប្បាយ; វចន + អភិប្រាយ > វចនាភិប្រាយ) អធិប្បាយពាក្យ គឺសេចក្ដីពន្យល់អំពីពាក្យនីមួយៗឲ្យឃើញច្បាស់លាស់; អភិធាន ។


Chheng Uor Yi
កំណាព្យ វិជ្ជា
បទកាកគតិ
១-វិជ្ជាជាស្ពាន វិជ្ជាបួសរៀន វិជ្ជាសាលា
វិជ្ជាជីវិត ពិតស្រស់សង្ហារ វិជ្ជាបីតា
នាំសត្វផុតភ័យ។
២-មានវិជ្ជាហើយ មិត្តកុំភ្លេចឡើយ សីលធម៌ថ្លាថ្លៃ ត្រូវខំភាវនា ប្រណិបត្តិឲ្យហើយ តាំងចិត្តឲ្យស្បើយ
ពីអគតិ។
វិជ្ជា វិច-ជា បា. ឬ សំ. ( ន. ) សេចក្ដីដឹងច្បាស់; ការចេះដឹង, ចំណេះ; វេទមន្ត, មន្តអាគម: វិជ្ជាលេខ; វិជ្ជាពេទ្យ ។ (ព. កា.) : អ្នករៀនទាំងឡាយ ប្រយ័ត្នរាយមាយ ព្រោះក្តីសល់វ៉ល់ ត្រូវខាំមាត់រៀន ចំណេះសាកល ឲ្យត្រាតែដល់ ត្រើយត្រាណវិទ្យា ។ វិទ្យាជាទ្រព្យ ប្រើបានគ្រប់សព្វ លើសទ្រព្យនានា អ្នកមានទ្រព្យស្រាប់ អាប់ឥតវិជ្ជា មិត្រភ័ក្តិផងគ្នា គេច្រើនមើលងាយ ។ល។ វិជ្ជាករ ឬ វិទ្យា-- អ្នកបង្កើតវិជ្ជា; អ្នកចេះ ។ វិជ្ជាកាម ឬ វិទ្យា-- អ្នកប្រាថ្នាចំណេះ; អ្នកដែលកំពុងរៀនឲ្យចេះតទៅទៀត ។ វិជ្ជាការ ឬ វិទ្យា-- ដូចគ្នានឹង វិជ្ជាករ ឬ វិទ្យាករ ។ តែខ្មែរច្រើនប្រើសំដៅសេចក្ដីថា “មន្ត, មន្តអាគម” : ចេះវិជ្ជាការ, មន្តវិជ្ជាការ ។ វិជ្ជាកូដ ឬ វិទ្យា-- កំពូលវិជ្ជា, ចំណេះថ្នាក់ខ្ពស់បំផុត ។ វិជ្ជាកោដ្ឋ (បា. វិជ្ជា + កោដ្ឋ “ជង្រុក; ឃ្លាំង”; សំ. វិទ្យា + កោឞ្ឋ) ឃ្លាំងចំណេះ (មន្ទីរដាក់គម្ពីរ, សាស្រ្តា, ក្បួន, ច្បាប់) ។ វិជ្ជាគវេសី ឬ វិទ្យាគវេសិន (--គៈ--; បា. ឬ សំ. វិទ្យា + គវេឝិន៑) អ្នកស្វែងចំណេះ (បើស្រ្តីជា --គវេសិនី) ។ វិជ្ជាគរុ ឬ វិទ្យាគុរុ គ្រូបង្រៀនវិជ្ជា ។ វិជ្ជាគារ ឬ វិទ្យាគារ (<វិជ្ជា ឬ វិទ្យា + អគារ “ផ្ទះ, រោង”) រោងរៀនឬសាលារៀន (វេវ. វិជ្ជាមន្ទីរ, វិទ្យាល័យ, វិទ្យាសទ្ម័ន, វិជ្ជាសាលា) ។ វិទ្យាច័ណ (សំ. --ចណ) ដែលមានល្បីឈ្មោះខាងការចេះដឹង ។ វិជ្ជាជីវ: (វិជ្ជា + អាជីវ) មុខតំណែង, មុខការរបរសម្រាប់ចិញ្ចឹមជីវិត : វិជ្ជាជីវៈរបស់អ្នករាជការ, ប្រកបវិជ្ជាជីវៈខាងកសិកម្ម ។ វិជ្ជាឋាន ឬ វិទ្យាស្ថាន ទីតាំងនៃវិជ្ជា, គ្រឹះស្ថានជាទីស្រាវជ្រាវរិះរកខាងវិទ្យាសាស្រ្ត ឬជាទីសម្រាប់សិក្សារៀនសូត្រនូវចំណេះវិជ្ជាផ្សេងៗ ។ វិជ្ជាទាន ឬ វិទ្យា-- ការឲ្យចំណេះ, ការបង្រៀនវិជ្ជា ។ វិជ្ជាទាយក ឬ វិទ្យា-- (--យក់) អ្នកឲ្យចំណេះ, អ្នកបង្រៀនវិជ្ជា (បើស្រ្តីជា --ទាយិកា) ។ វិជ្ជាធន ឬ វិទ្យា-- (--ធន់) វិជ្ជាដែលទុកជាទ្រព្យ ។ វិជ្ជាធនី ឬ វិទ្យាធនិន (--ធៈ--) អ្នកមានវិជ្ជាជាទ្រព្យ ។ វិជ្ជាធរ ឬ វិទ្យា-- (ដូចគ្នានឹង ពិទ្យាធរ ដែរ) ។ វិជ្ជាធរី ឬ វិទ្យា-- (--ធៈ--) ស្រ្តីអ្នកមានវិជ្ជា; ទេវតាអ្នកប្រសិទ្ធីវិជ្ជា ។ វិជ្ជាផល ឬ វិទ្យា-- (--ផល់) ផលប្រយោជន៍ដែលបានអំពីវិជ្ជា ។ វិជ្ជាពល ឬ វិទ្យា-- (--ពល់) កម្លាំងរបស់វិជ្ជា។ វិជ្ជាភូមិ ឬ វិទ្យា-- (--ភូម) ថ្នាក់វិជ្ជា ។ វិជ្ជាមទៈ, --ម័ទ ឬវិទ្យាមទៈ, --ម័ទ (--មៈទៈ, --ម៉ាត់; បា. វិជ្ជា, សំ. វិទ្យា + មទ “ដែលស្រវឹង; សេចក្ដីស្រវឹង”) ដែលស្រវឹងចំណេះ, ដែលក្អេងក្អាង, ឆ្មើងឆ្មៃ ព្រោះអាងចំណេះ : មនុស្សវិជ្ជាម័ទ ។ សេចក្ដីប្រកាន់មានះថាខ្លួនមានចំណេះ ។ (ព. កា. ប្រើជា វិជ្ជាមទោ, វិជ្ជាមទា ក៏បាន) ។ វិជ្ជាមន្ទីរ ឬ វិទ្យា-- រោងរៀន (ម. ព. មន្ទីរ ផង) ។ វិជ្ជាម័យ ឬ វិទ្យា-- ដែលសម្រេចអំពីវិជ្ជា ។ វិជ្ជាលាភ ឬ វិទ្យា-- ការបានវិជ្ជា, ការសម្រេចចំណេះ ។ វិជ្ជាល័យ ឬ វិទ្យា-- (បា. វិជ្ជា, សំ. វិទ្យា + អាលយ “ផ្ទះ, លំនៅ; កន្លែង”) ឬ វិទ្យាសទ្ម័ន, វិជ្ជាសាលា ឬ វិទ្យា-- សាលារៀន, រោងរៀន (វេវ. វិទ្យាគារ, វិទ្យាមន្ទីរ) ។ វិទ្យាសាស្រ្ត (--សាស; សំ. វិទ្យា + ឝាស្រ្ត) គម្ពីរប្រាប់វិជ្ជាផ្សេងៗ ។ វិជ្ជាមួយប្រភេទ ដែលគេរកឃើញដោយការលៃផ្សំ មានការផ្សំធាតុជាដើម ។ វិទ្យាស្ថាន (ដូចគ្នានឹង វិជ្ជាឋាន ដែរ) ។ វិជ្ជាហីនភាព ឬ វិទ្យា-- ការខ្សត់វិជ្ជា; ដំណើរឥតវិជ្ជា ។ល។ ពាក្យ វិជ្ជា និង វិទ្យា ដែលផ្សំជាមួយនឹងសព្ទដទៃជាសមាសនាមទាំងប៉ុន្មាននេះ កវីងាយនឹងជ្រើសរើសតែងកាព្យបានតាមត្រូវការ, ដូចជាកាព្យថា : អ្នកវិជ្ជាម័ទ ច្រើនតែវិបត្តិ ដោយក្តីមើលងាយ អ្នកចេះផងគ្នា ថាជនសម្ទាយ ព្រោះក្តីមាក់ងាយ គេស្អប់ជុំខ្លួន ។ វិទ្យា
ចំណេះ ( ន. ) សេចក្ដីចេះ, ដំណើរដែលចេះ (ម. ព. វិជ្ជា) ។
ចំណោទ ( ន. ) សេចក្ដីចោទ, ពាក្យចោទ, ប្រស្នា : ចំណោទលេខ, រកចំណោទ , ដោះចំណោទ ។
ចំណូល ( ន. ឬ គុ. ) ដំណើរដែលចូល, ដែលទើបនឹងចូលថែមមក : ប្រាក់ចំណូល, មនុស្សចំណូល ។ សេចក្ដីចូលចិត្តបរិភោគ : អញ្ជើញពីសាតាមចំណូល ។
ចំណេញ ( ន. ) កម្រៃដែលចេញច្រើនជាងចំនួនដើម, សេចក្ដីចម្រើន : ក្នុងឆ្នាំនេះពួកឈ្មួញមានចំណេញគ្រាន់បើ ។
ខាត ( កិ. ឬ កិ. វិ. ) ថយពីចំនួនដើម, មិនពេញ, មិនចំណេញ : ជួញខាត, រកស៊ីធ្វើការខាត, ខាតចុង ខាតដើម ។ ព. ផ្ទ. ចំណេញ ។